| There you were, walking innocently through the mall, | | | | determines whether any pigment is even produced. |
| when you decide to go into the pet shop. Actually, your | | | | Regardless of the B gene, if a dog has the recessive |
| children make the decision, clamoring to get a puppy. | | | | E, there will be little color. It will be a yellow Labrador. |
| Among the roly-poly puppies is an energetic little black | | | | Variations in a number of other genes control subtler |
| and white dog. Unsure what it is, you look at the card | | | | color details. |
| in the window. "Black Labrador Retriever" it reads. | | | | A black Labrador's nose matches its coat - black. |
| Surprised, you ask a clerk about the puppy, and are | | | | Blue, Charcoal, Grey, and Silver |
| assured that it is indeed a purebred black Labrador. | | | | Unscrupulous breeders have come up with new |
| Purebred? Can black and white Lab puppies be | | | | names to fit their puppies that do not meet the officially |
| purebred? The price certainly is "purebred" price! | | | | recognized standard, telling people that it is a new line |
| As luck would have it, your children want that very | | | | of "purebred" black Labrador. |
| puppy. You hesitate, and finally ask for the puppy to | | | | The most blatantly pushed of these four colors is |
| be held until the next day. Back home, you decide to | | | | silver. This is a very light color and, since it is sought by |
| do a little research. You go online, and search the | | | | some who do not adhere to the standard, disreputable |
| Internet for "black & white lab puppies info". | | | | breeders describe unusually light colored yellow and |
| So Sorry | | | | chocolate labs as "silver" labs. |
| If the information you find is honest, you will learn that | | | | Sharon Wagner, molecular biologist and geneticist of |
| black Labradors do not come in black and white. Any | | | | wrote an analysis, which concluded "Silver breeders |
| dog billed as a white and black Labrador Retriever is | | | | also blatantly lie. They have information on their |
| of mixed blood. Unfortunately, disreputable breeders | | | | websites that talk about DNA testing done by the |
| are working to convince the public that these mongrels | | | | AKC ... AKC never did any genetic mapping of silver |
| are AKC registered dogs. Indeed, with a bit of | | | | Labradors nor do they have any plans to do so since |
| dishonest paperwork, some may become registered | | | | they are a registering body only and the Labrador Club |
| as black Labradors, but their registration will not endure | | | | of America writes the standard for the breed." |
| scrutiny. | | | | states in a Labrador FAQ: "'Silver' Labradors are |
| Realizing that the puppy in the pet shop is far | | | | purely a scam and are either crosses with |
| over-priced, since it is not purebred, you decide to look | | | | Weimaraners or very light chocolates." |
| for a real black Labrador. | | | | A black Labrador Retriever's color should never be |
| AKC Color Standard | | | | any of these shades. |
| The American Kennel Club (AKC) gives just 3 colors | | | | Are You My Father? |
| for Labrador Retrievers: | | | | Imagine that you mate 2 black Labradors, and nine |
| 1. Black Labrador | | | | weeks later a litter of squirming little puppies arrives. |
| 2. Yellow Labrador | | | | Three are black Labradors, as expected, but 2 are |
| 3. Chocolate Labrador | | | | chocolate Labs, and 4 are yellow Labs. Ahem! Will the |
| Any other color - or a combination of colors - | | | | real father please stand up! |
| disqualifies a dog for registration as a Labrador | | | | You know the real father - no question - so how did |
| Retriever. | | | | this happen? It all goes back to genes. A Lab with one |
| A black Labrador may have a small white spot on the | | | | gene for dark and one for red-yellow pigment will |
| chest and meet the standard, but even that is | | | | appear to be black or chocolate, depending on other |
| considered undesirable. | | | | genes that control black or chocolate color. Each |
| A black Labrador should be all black, from the tip of his | | | | parent of a litter with some yellow puppies must have |
| nose to the tip of his tail. There should be no streaks, | | | | at least one gene for red-yellow pigment. |
| spots, or flecks of other colors. If the dog is older, and | | | | We know we mated 2 black Labradors, so each of |
| has a few white "age" hairs, that is fine. A young black | | | | them must have had one gene for dark pigment and |
| Labrador, however, should be completely black. | | | | one for red-yellow pigment. If both parents had been |
| The Color Genes | | | | yellow Labs, neither could carry the gene for dark |
| The black Labrador Retriever's color is determined | | | | pigment. None of their puppies would have been |
| primarily by 2 genes. | | | | chocolate or black Labradors. |
| 1. The first gene (B) decides how dense a black | | | | Black Labrador Retriever color is important to many |
| Labrador's coat pigment granules will be. When | | | | people, as are the short, dense, weather resistant coat; |
| pigment granules are dense, the coat will be black. | | | | the "otter" tail; and the clean-cut head with broad back |
| When pigment granules are sparse, the coat will be | | | | skull. |
| chocolate. If this were the only gene involved, there | | | | More important, though, is that your lovable Labrador |
| would be only chocolate and black Labradors. | | | | be happy and healthy. |
| 2. The second gene (E) makes the difference. It | | | | |